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Harvard Citation Rules at a Glance

In-text citations use author and year: (Smith, 2020). Add a page number for direct quotes: (Smith, 2020, p. 43).
The reference list is titled "References" or "Reference List" and sorted alphabetically by author surname.
Harvard is not a single official standard; specific formatting (punctuation, capitalization) can vary slightly by institution, so check your department's style guide.
Article titles use sentence case in single quotation marks; journal names are italicized.

Harvard Citation Examples

Journal Article

Smith, J. (2020) 'Sleep deprivation and executive function', Journal of Cognitive Science, 12(3), pp. 45–67.

Book

Baker, A. (2019) The structure of scientific reasoning. London: Academic Press.

Frequently Asked Questions

Why does Harvard formatting look different between universities?

Unlike APA or MLA, Harvard referencing has no single governing body, so universities publish their own house variants. Bibloq uses one widely-taught version; check your department handbook if yours differs.

Want the complete rules with more examples and edge cases? Read the full Harvard citation guide.

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